Emotional Design Why We Love Or Hate Everyday Things

Emotions are part of every day life and are critical to how we make decisions. Emotional design is all about how designers can design products that elicit desired emotions, for example super cars are often designed to look very aggressive and menacing and have often been anthropomorphized so we can relate to them on a biological level, this in tern makes us feel scared and afraid. Don Norman the author of â€Å"Emotional Design: Why we love or hate everyday things† (2003) found that a lot of everyday products are designed without any emotion he says a lot of everyday objects are designed very logically but without any thought of how they will be used in real life. In â€Å"Emotional Design: Why we love or hate everyday things† (2003) he explains that emotions are used in a lot in decision making and how we interact with everyday products; cognition is understanding the world around us, emotion is acting and interpreting it. Norman believes that if a product is designed well it should only be explained to the user how to use it once, he goes into more depth about how to analyse product with his three levels. The first level is called Visceral Level Norman describes this as the biological level which is all subconscious; raw instincts that everybody has for example bright colours such as red for anger or warnings and how we find symmetry atheistically pleasing. The second level is called Behavioural which Norman describes as feeling in control. This level encompasses usabilityShow MoreRelatedEssay on Changing Conceptions About What Emotion is939 Words   |  4 PagesEmotions are one of the most beautiful and complicated features of human species. Although, emotional changes of some other species are also known to us or even proven by scientific research, human emotion is so unique and irreplaceable that from time immemorial, former sages and ancient scholars have initiated continuous discussion about it. A. A brief history of emotion before 19th century. Early stage of research about emotion can be represented roughly by Aristotelian western philosophy andRead MoreChoose a similar product designed by two different companies for two different markets and compare and contrast the design principles.1730 Words   |  7 Pagescontrast the design principles. Why makes design products much better? Because designers carefully experience and observe the details of every part of life; they even solve the unobvious problems that people didn’t notice. â€Å"When the products are aesthetically pleasing and functionally correct, we tend to be unaware of them†(Stumpf 2000, P12-13). Moreover, why will a similar product be designed for different types of user? Every user selects products depending on their demand; as we have differentRead MoreThe Sexual Revolution Of The 20th Century1712 Words   |  7 Pagesdesires simply does not work; that’s not how we were built. (Remember that whole made from love, created for love thing?) The sexual revolution took the world by storm because they had been restricted for so long; a restriction that went against our inner most being. In this way, the sexual revolution of the 20th century was a good thing. It untangled the stigma surrounding human sexuality that had been stirring for ages; a stigma that went against God’s design for sex. However, it took it to the oppositeRead MoreNegatives And Negatives Of Photography1439 Words   |  6 PagesToday, in technology we can do anything we want with images, and it has been used as a tool for evidence. Photographers can do many things for example, keeping records of people s lives, allowing memories to last forever and intriguing people. I can t imagine living without photography because photography is more than just a image. Without photography, we wouldn t have pictures of our childhoods, siblings, and pasts. Since digital manipulation existed, it started to make people feel deceived.Read MoreHuman Perception of Domestic Robots Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pagesmore like a pet. They perceived AIBO as social entity by associating lifelike essences, mental states and social rapport to it. But they didn’t observed Roomba from the liveliness point of view. Thus, we can conclude that appearance and behavior of domestic robots effect the perception and emotional response of people towards them but not to the large extent. At present, people are not very much familiar with domestic robots, so they are very novel to people. As a result, people want to own them forRead MoreAnalysis of the Mad Men opening Title Sequence Essay2244 Words   |  9 Pagesaddressing the principles and elements of design and their impact on the viewing experience of this segment of title sequence. This scene is an illustration of a man free-falling from a skyscraper, down the side of a building. Further detail will be addressed later. Three elements of design will be discussed: line, color, and shape. All are designed to show continuity and free-flowing movement through change. The principles balance, harmony, and rhythm of design will be discussed through the symmetricalRead MoreReality Is Broken Summary14202 Words   |  57 PagesREALITY IS BROKEN | WHY GAMES MAKE US BETTER AND HOW THEY CAN CHANGE THE WORLD | JANE MCGONIGAL | Summary Zhang Huijing Fashion Marketing English 2nd Year We always regard â€Å"GAMES† as â€Å"pastimes†, but in reality the functions of games are more than that. First Part_ Introduction: Reality is broken Games have had enough of reality. You are one of gamers or you definitely know some of them. Who are the gamers? From different professions, ages of people could be the gamers. They playRead MoreRobert Frost : A New England Poet3698 Words   |  15 PagesMassachusetts (Sullivan). Back in the east coast his mother began teaching at a local school to support the family, but Frost was embarrassed that she wasn’t a good teacher (Sullivan). Over time Frost became in love with reading, writing, and poetry. (Robert Frost) He worked hard in school, and fell in love with a girl named Elinor. Elinor was just as bright as him and came from a wealthier family (Beacham). In 1892 both Elinor and Robert graduated from Lawrence high school as covaledictorians. Elinor andRead MoreMarketing a New Product Essay examples3361 Words   |  14 PagesHEDO-FALLS Marketing Plan Product Design and Development The Hedo-Falls shower system is the first of its kind. This kind of shower has not been seen before in the market. It offers something totally unique with no direct competition. No company has been ambitious enough to integrate so much into a device that has remained virtually the same for decades. The developers at Quantum Studio decided to take a chance and tap into a new and exciting market. Their risk paid off greatly. ThereRead MoreChild Development 1-199854 Words   |  40 Pagesrepeats. This shows a basic understanding of communication. * Vaguely understands the meaning of words such as ‘No’ and ‘Bye’. * The child learns to communicate to a fuller extent through sounds. 12 Months * Understands certain simple everyday words such as toy and cup. * Knows and reacts to their name. * Begins to formulate a very limited vocabulary. * Follows very simple, basic instructions. * Uses some letters in the alphabet in vocalisation. Communication in the child’s

Short Story Essay - 1038 Words

Short Story Essay on A Rose For Emily and Barn Burning Human behavior is one of the most studied and talked about traits of human beings, for it makes us who we are after all. It is prevalent in books, movies, stories, and most importantly life, everything we do involves it. In all of the short stories we read, aspects of human behavior where the basis of the writings. The short stories A Rose For Emily and Barn Burning show excellent human reactions to lifes challenges through the themes of social status and death. One of the overriding themes in all of the stories we read was that of social status. Social status was a present issue back in the civil war days and has continued up into modern day society. Unfortunately a†¦show more content†¦Ã‚‘Perhaps he considers he self the sheriff..I have no taxes in Jefferson. But there is nothing on the books to show that, you see. We must go, by the-See Colonel Sartoris. I have no taxes in Jefferson. But Miss Emily--- See Colonel Sartoris.(pg.2) well as it turns out Colonel Sartoris had been dead for 10 years. Again later in the story Emily shows her reaction to death with denial as her husband died, yet she still slept with him in the bed where he died for years, never removing and disposing of his body. In the story Barn Burning the young boy reacts to death opposite of Emily. At the end of the story when his father is shot, he never looks back on it, he just keeps on running. He reacted to the death of his father as a means to br eak free, and live a life of his own rather than his fathers. Falkner does a wonderful job of showing opposite human reactions to death. Every person reacts different to situations in life. Emily most likely reacted to the death of her father and subsequent deaths in the way she did, due to the fact that her father was everything to her and in a sense ran her life, she was lost without him and never fully recovered to be a socially active human being. In Barn Burning however the boy was not happy with his father, he did not like how he was growing up and how the father lived a life of lies and lack of respect which is why the boy was able to move on easily. Every personShow MoreRelatedEssay on Short stories1134 Words   |  5 Pages Essay nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The short stories â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro† and â€Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Mocomber† were both written by world renowned author Ernest Hemingway. The two stories are written completely unrelated to each other; however, both stories have vast similarities in the time and place in which they take place. Hemingway is a writer that is very methodical in his word choices. When reading these two stories a second time the reader finds considerable differencesRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect .As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreShort Story Essay: Maturity857 Words   |  4 PagesShort Story Essay All humans go through a stage of maturity, some handle it better than others and it is caused and affected by many different situations like, poverty, location, age, or feelings. I think that all four stories, Marigolds, Visit to Grandmother, Summer of Truth and Flight all have to do with maturity. Both Marigolds and Flight have characters that face maturity, going from being immature to becoming mature. While Visit to Grandmother and Summer of Truth the characters are immatureRead More Short Story Characteristics Essay623 Words   |  3 PagesShort Story Characteristics The short story is a concise form of narrative prose that is usually simpler and more direct compared to longer works of fiction such as novels. Therefore, because of their short length, short stories rely on many forms of literary devices to convey the idea of a uniform theme seen throughout the script. This theme is illustrated by using characteristics that are developed throughout the story such as, plot, setting and characters. The three main components are developedRead MoreEssay on Eng 102 Short Story735 Words   |  3 PagesFiction Essay Thesis and Outline Instructions    In Module/Week 3, you will write a 750-words (about 3–4-pages) essay that compares and contrasts two stories from the Fiction Unit.   Before you begin writing the essay, carefully read the guidelines for developing your paper topic that are given below.   Review the Fiction Essay Grading Rubric to see how your submission will be graded.   Gather all of your information, plan the direction of your essay, and organize your ideas by developing a one-pageRead MoreAnalysis of the Short Story Icebreak Essay934 Words   |  4 PagesIce break - English essay Ice Break is a short story written by Astrid Blodgett. The story is told in a first person narrator and is from the main character Dawns perspective. Dawn are at a ice fishing trip with her dad and her younger sister when the car falls into the water and her dad tries to safe them. The story is about a girl named Dawn and her family. Dawn, her father and her younger sister are going to ice fish with their uncle Rick as a family tradition. Her mother doesnt want goRead MoreEssay on Short Stories and Poetry2319 Words   |  10 PagesShort Stories and Poetry There are many different forms of writing that all fall under the name literature. These different ways to create literature are often categorized into specific genres. Some of the genres have more in common with each other than others. Two genres, the short story and the poem, share many similar aspects. Both the short story and the poem can successfully send powerful messages or tell complex stories in a very short amount of words. Both genresRead MoreEssay on AP: Short Story803 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Updikes short story, AP is fictional in a sense that it has a common pattern that leads the reader through a series of events. These events began when three young ladies in bathing suits walk in AP, and catch the eye of a young man named, Sammy. He seems to favor the chunkier girl of the three that walk in to the store. As the story continues, Sammy curiously watches the provocative young ladies as they stroll through the store looking for groceries. In this fictional story, Sammy describesRead More Fitzgerald and Short Story Writing Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesFitzgerald and Short Story Writing Although Fitzgerald today is usually considered a novelist, in his lifetime he was more well-known for his short stories. He was a prolific writer of short stories, and published around 160 of them (Bruccoli xiii). Many literary critics often separate â€Å"Fitzgerald the novel writer† from â€Å"Fitzgerald the short story writer†. In his own life, Fitzgerald felt somewhat of a disconnection between his ‘literary’ career as a novelist and his more professionalRead MoreAnalysis: Short Story Content Essay2326 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Short Story Content Analysis Essay What is the point of any piece of great literature? Or rather, what is great literature? Some would say that accomplished literature is a way of exceptionally telling a story. However, what is the point of storytelling? In many cases, stories are told for entertainment. However, most stories have a moral or theme conveying an important message about life or how to live it. This is the point of great literature, to convey this message beautifully. Some pieces of

What Changes Have Technology Brought Free Essays

With the use of technology and the Internet, it has made our lives a bit easier. Cell phones and the Internet are by far the most influential. Paying bills, for example, has become easier and convenient because with a simple click of a mouse your bill can be paid. We will write a custom essay sample on What Changes Have Technology Brought or any similar topic only for you Order Now And still even better than that, with the invention of the new Iphone, you can now pay your bills from your phone. Having these new inventions we no longer have to waste time or gas on having to pay our bills. Also research has become much faster with the help of the Internet. We do not have to look through mounds and mounds of books to get information; we can just search for it online and get a whole bunch of information in less than 3 seconds. Businesses have also benefited from technology. Technology is being used to provide valuable information they can use to help make better decisions to run and organize the day to day running of their business. Businesses store records and documentations on their computers. They can also order supplies by placing an order through the phone or by using the Internet. Businesses use technology to help produce the product they are selling, use technology to advertise the product and also use technology to ship the product they are selling. Technology is everywhere and it has brought advantages that have impacted everyone in some way shape or form. I think that in ten years technology will continue to expand and improve. There will be easier and faster ways to diagnose and treat cancer. They have just came out with 3D television and I’m sure computers are to follow. I think in 10 years technology will bring a lot of change to education. Today we have the choice of taking online classes but I think that will expand into something like virtual classes. We will be able to get lectured through a computer screen or through any kind of monitor. They have recently started putting GPS tracking devices on students to ensure that they are going to school I think that maybe that will grow into a facial recognition software that will track your every move. This will further help police officers in catching criminals. More and more into the future I think technology will bring more environmental friendly cars. All cars will eventually run on electricity. I also think that eventually robots will be driving our cars for us. The cars will be able to detect everything from lane markers to stop signs by using satellite imaging. I think that it will be able to deal with children running on the street and pedestrians far better than any humans because the reaction time of a robot will be much more precise. Robots will eventually run everything and they will have a great impact on our lives. How to cite What Changes Have Technology Brought, Essays

Thinking as a Hobby. free essay sample

After reading Thinking as a Hobby, it was apparent that the three statuettes were all very symbolic in their own unique way. The pure, effortless beauty that is portrayed by the nearly naked woman in a bath towel shows that beauty is so insanely important to the world in which we live. The second statuette talked about in this document is the leopard, which symbolizes nature. The way the leopard is positioned in the beginning of this piece of work symbolizes the way humans are always under the authority of nature, whether we want to admit it or not. Finally, we each the thinker.This is a very well known statue showing a man, chin to fist, elbow to knee, clearly symbolizing an image of pure thought. The Thinker also represents mans incessant quest for knowledge. In the beginning of this work, all three statuettes do basically in and of themselves, not really have to do with each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Thinking as a Hobby. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, after they are rearranged, they all seem to take on a new symbol. Placing the woman in front of the A-AH does not make her seem to represent beauty; rather she seems to take on a sense of excessive vulnerability, not really knowing hat to do.Placing the thinker in front of the leopard absolutely changes every aspect of the symbols, which they represented. The thinker seems to turn to fear rather than thought. The leopard takes on the role of danger and threat, which are both ignoramus parts of human lives. It seems that simply placing these statuettes In different positions, allows them to take on an entirely new meaning, thus playing along with the whole theme of different levels of thought that was apparent throughout the work.

Law Code of Hammurabi free essay sample

Throughout the history of civilization there has been a need for order amongst societies. This order has been seen in the ruling of kings and the laws they created. Most of these laws were set into motion on the basis of whatever the king said is what happened. With the Code of Hammurabi there is a written law that was portrayed as something that not even the king could change. The purpose of this paper is to give a general background of ancient Babylon during the reign of Hammurabi, present the background of the Code of Hammurabi, and discuss the medium and manner in which it was presented. Hammurabi was the sixth king in the old Babylonian period. He became king in 1792 B. C. while still a young man. During his rule he spent time on many traditional aspects such as building and restoring temples, building city walls, and building canals. We will write a custom essay sample on Law Code of Hammurabi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, many accounts note Hammurabi as being the king to unite Mesopotamia under the rule of the Babylonian Empire. Hammurabi did this through a series of military and diplomatic alliances, as well as, through series military conquests. He had an organized and well-disciplined military. This allowed him to greatly extend his original empire in every direction. Despite the many wars and military conquest Hammurabi brought peace and prosperity into Mesopotamia. He was also thought to be concerned with being a just ruler and was viewed as a â€Å"guarantee of justice† (Ascalone, 114). The unification of the empire under Hammurabi led to increased trade with the Persians which ultimately led to more wealth being acquired. It also led to the incorporation new deities such as Shamash, Ishtar, and Adad. Shamash especially became important during Hammurabi’s rule. Shamash initially was the sun king and later also became known as the â€Å"guarantor of equity and social justice† (Ascalone, 136). Hammurabi was unique in comparison to the rulers before him in that he did not deify himself. Instead he chose to think of himself as being a â€Å"favorite of the gods† or as being a chosen one of the gods (Martell, 22). Hammurabi was the first of the Mesopotamian rulers to view himself as separate from the gods in this manner. This gave him a position of leadership that was simply to enforce and interpret the will of the gods. This also set a precedent for rulers in later times. The expanded territory and unification meant there was more people and land that had to have order maintained. This led to the item that Hammurabi is most famous for, his code of law. Hammurabi was said to have received these laws from Shamash. Many of the laws created were based specifically on the growing culture. Though Hammurabi’s code of law was not the first known law code in ancient Mesopotamia, it is the most complete still in existence today. The official code of Hammurabi contained 242 laws in all. These laws were carved in relief into a basalt or granite pillar called a stele that stood seven and half feet tall. The laws were carved into the stele in 1760 B. C. The written laws took up the majority of the pillar and were separated into 49 columns. At the top of the pillar there is a scene depicting Hammurabi receiving the laws from Shamash. Hammurabi is standing before Shamash. Shamash is seated and holding a ring and a staff. Shamash can be identified by the flames or rays of the sun rising from his shoulders (Chrisp, 25). This depiction is thought to indicate that the king was making the laws on the gods behalf. The written law itself is written using cuneiform in the Akkadian language. The Akkadian language is believed to be the common language of this time, whereas Sumerian was the official language. In writing the law code in the common speech Hammurabi had hopes of making the law more accessible and understandable to the common people. There is some disagreement about where it is thought that Hammurabi erected the pillar. Some believe that it was erected in the Temple of Marduk in Babylon. Others believe that it was erected in Sippal as a monument to Shamash. One thing that scholars and researchers seem to agree on is that the pillar was moved to Susa as spoils when the Elamites attacked Babylon in 1165 B. C. It was in Susa that it was discovered in 1901 by French archeologist Jean-Vincent Scheil. When Scheil discovered the stele it was in 3 pieces. He reassembled the pieces and spent 6 months translating the text. The stele currently resides in the Louvre Mueseum. The text was organized into three main parts. It begins with description of Hammurabi receiving the laws from the sun king, Shamash. Hammurabi describes the event as he was given the responsibility â€Å"to make justice appear in the land, to destroy the evil and the wicked that the strong might not oppress the weak, to rise like the sun-god†¦to give light to the land† (Schomp, 14). He also presents himself as being â€Å"the protector of the weak and oppressed† (Iselin). This prologue was followed by the actual laws. The laws were written in simplified terms as well as the common language as it was important to Hammurabi that everyone understood them. The laws were organized into chapters or sections and covered every aspect of their life. All the written laws followed the same format in that a problem or issue is stated followed by a response in the future tense that described the punishment of the guilty party or the solution to the issue (Iselin). The laws were often harsh but recognized the difference between accidental injury or harm and intent. The penalties also varied depending on the status of the offender. The laws themselves governed economic provisions, family law, criminal law, and civil law. The laws were written specifically so they could be integrated into everyday life. There were laws governing slaves, for example. One law stated that any slave that struck a free citizen would have his ear cut off. Another stated that any citizen that stole a slave or was caught hiding a runaway slave would be put to death. One interesting law stated that if a barber cut off the â€Å"abbuttu,† the topknot of hair distinctive to slaves, without the knowledge and permission of the slaves master would have his hands cut off (Schomp, 63). Other laws included the punishments for robbery and arson, as well as how property should be distributed, and how contracts should be handled. Many of the laws were very exact when it came to the punishment. One example of this is found in a law discussing a death from shoddy building; â€Å"If a builder has constructed a house†¦with the result that the house he built collapses and so caused the death of the owner, the builder shall be put to death. If it has caused the death of the son of the owner of the house, they shall put to death the son of the builder† (Service, 71) Another example of this exact punishment is seen in the well-known law of â€Å"if a man puts out the eye of a man, they shall put out his eye† (Service, 71). This eye for and eye concept is what is known as the lex talionis (latin for â€Å"law of retaliation†). The lex talionis was utilized by many different cultures and survived into the modern world in the form of the death penalty for murder. The laws written by Hammurabi didn’t just include penalties but also items such as appropriate fees to charge in different professions. One example of this is seen when a doctors fees are discussed. A doctor who treated â€Å"the broken bone or diseased soft part† was to charge 5 shekels for upper-class citizens, 3 shekels for commoners, and 2 shekels to the master of a slave being treated (Shomp, 68). Stating the fees for certain services likes this protected people from being taken advantage by merchants or tradesmen. After the laws are listed, is the final section or the epilogue. In the epilogue Hammurabi reiterates that the laws were given at the direction of the sun-god Shamesh. Hammurabi also indicates that he recorded the laws in order for them to be an example for later rulers. He states, â€Å"To the end of days, forever, may the king who happens to be in the land observe the words of justice which I have inscribed on my stele†¦let the stele reveal to him the accustomed way, the way to follow, the land’s judgments which I have judged† (Chrisp, 25). This is extremely interesting considering that’s exactly what they turned out to be. The Code of Hammurabi is extremely important in that it became a model after which many systems of law were founded since then. It became something that other cultures could learn from and model themselves after. It also represented a new style of ruling, in which not only were the common people bound to laws but so was the king, as he did not create them. The stele and the style it was written in also gave huge amount of insight into the culture, religious beliefs, daily activities, and economics that were present during this time in the Babylonian Empire. The precedent that Hammurabi set when he created his law code is an important aspect of history that carried into the modern day. There was a written law that was portrayed as something handed down by the gods and that even the king had to obey to some extent. The background of Hammurabi’s stele and the detail the text portrays about Babylonian society will continue to be extremely interesting and important when looking at ancient Babylon.

Possible Solutions for CSC

Possible Solutions for CSC CSC is facing a certain kind of decline and the company is selling its facilities to gain some revenue. The company is selling one of its units in Australia, Paxus, to Adcorp a service company (South Africa).1Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Possible Solutions for CSC specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is possible to note that one of the major issues CSC is facing now is emergence of new competitors.2 Many new businesses are entering the market (including quite large corporations that were not the company’s competitors previously, e.g. Microsoft, Amazon, etc.). The company has to come up with new strategies to overcome one of the most burning issues, i.e. significant competition. Notably, competition is an inevitable part of the business world. However, it is quite a serious issue for CSC. Competitors offer more services at lower prices and many of the company’s clients cease to work with CSC. This is sue has another impact. The company can lose many professionals as they can be offered higher salaries One of the major causes of the serious issue is that the company has long used a strategy of avoidance. CSC has tended to avoid competition by moving to other niches.3 Therefore, the company has no experience in operating in a competitive environment. The company has not worked out specific strategies to keep clients loyal to the company. The company’s attitude towards human resources development is also quite hazardous as they tend to invest in development of few professionals who have already made a considerable contribution.4 This can make many employees less motivated to work for the company. These employees can leave CSC and started working for competitors. Some claim that the company can focus on providing services to vertical industries and â€Å"move away from the commodity market†.5 It can help the company meet short-term goals as this will help them to find their clients in other niches.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, this solution can be quite hazardous in terms of long-term goals. Leaving some niches in the market, the company will lose its clients. Besides, when the company enters new niches, it will face competition there, sooner or later. The company may end up losing all possible niches in the market. A better solution is to change the very strategy of the company that focused on niches where competition was low. The company should focus on development of new strategies to remain competitive in the changing environment.6 This will help CSC remain in the market as well as keep its customers and/or gain new clients, which is the major goal of any company. This will also help the company be focused on further development, rather than looking for other niches and possible ways to escape from competition. With this major goal in mind, the company can make certain steps to pursue the aim. CSC should continue developing relations with existing clients. The major advantage of the company is its being a global and diversified business. CSC has already developed a reputation of a reliable company. Therefore, it is important to emphasize these advantages. Bibliography â€Å"Computer Sciences Corporation: CSC Agrees to Sell Australian IT Staffing Unit.† 4-traders, 2012, accessed from 4-traders.com/COMPUTER-SCIENCES-CORPORA-12190/news/Computer-Sciences-Corporation-CSC-Agrees-to-Sell-Australian-IT-Staffing-Unit-15595309/. Horton, Michael. Interview, Business Capstone Interviews, 2011, accessed from https://mcmaweb01.curtin.edu.au/content.php?content_id=382. Schermerhorn, John R., Paul Davidson, David Poole, Alan Simon, Peter Woods, So Ling Chau. Management Foundations and Applications. Milton: John Wiley Sons, 2012.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Possible S olutions for CSC specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Footnotes 1. â€Å"Computer Sciences Corporation: CSC Agrees to Sell Australian IT Staffing Unit,† 4-traders, 2012, accessed from 4-traders.com/COMPUTER-SCIENCES-CORPORA-12190/news/Computer-Sciences-Corporation-CSC-Agrees-to-Sell-Australian-IT-Staffing-Unit-15595309/. 2. Michael Horton, Interview, Business Capstone Interviews, 2011, accessed from https://mcmaweb01.curtin.edu.au/content.php?content_id=382. 3. Ibid. 4 Michael Horton, Interview, Business Capstone Interviews, 2011, accessed from https://mcmaweb01.curtin.edu.au/content.php?content_id=382. 5. Ibid. 6. John R. Schermerhorn, Paul Davidson, David Poole, Alan Simon, Peter Woods, So Ling Chau, Management Foundations and Applications (Milton: John Wiley Sons, 2012), 14.

Systematic and Universal Screenings for Children with Emotional and Research Paper

Systematic and Universal Screenings for Children with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders - Research Paper Example Screeners, for this matter, are the tools that lie beside this premise. Kalberg et al. (2010) through a multi-scholar inquiry ventured in testing a triad of special education interventions and examined its applicability. Their research that involved an elementary school in central Tennessee, USA implemented an academic screener called Curriculum-based Measurement, a behavioral assessment named Systematic Screening for Behavior Disorders and a personality evaluation tagged as Student Risk Screening Scale (Kalberg et al., 2010). The interventions they studied proved a positive outcome for the group’s endeavor. The three-tiered examination participated by 129 participants confirmed its effectiveness in determining students who were non-responsive to the initial prevention steps undertaken by the school (Kalberg et al., 2010). The investigation further noted that the â€Å"multifaceted sources of information about these students’ behavior can assist in improving their read ing skills and over-all personality† (Kalberg et al., 2010). A product of several trial-and-error processes, the models that these researchers offered passed the question of theory and practice and considerably reached a respectable standard. The importance of involving reliable criteria for making intelligent decisions based on screening tools should be executed in all educational settings. As a protocol-oriented endeavor, the proposal of Kahlberg’s team reached a certain level of acceptability in terms of these criteria. The standards were conceived upon methodical undertakings that focused on validity and reliability. The study also concluded that the said approach can â€Å"provide academic institutions with an organized process in meeting the various ever-changing academic, psychological and social needs of the students as they develop over time† (Kalberg et al., 2010). The authors strongly advocated for a cohesive and complete strategy based on the tri-leve l models of intervention that should be implemented in all special education schools (Kalberg et al., 2010, p. 577). This concluding statement contradicted the time-honored Systematic Screening for Behavior Disorders (SSBD), considered as the most cost-effective systematic screening tool; so that is before. More recent findings hold the merit in this case. II. Three-tiered Models of Support in Systematic Screening Another researched-based intervention undertaken by a team of scholars from Vanderbilt University sought to provide an illustrative triad of models of support to gauge the total risks that surface in a certain period of time and to determine who among the students need preventive interventions from the significant other. Lane et al. (2011) further examined several techniques in analyzing data obtained from the systematic screening to fully understand the children’s situations and eventually formulate an empiric course of action. The study found out that the â€Å"S tudent Risk Screening Scale (SRSS) is a cost-efficient, time-bounded and systematically effective tool in assessing risk for antisocial behavior in elementary-age pupils† (Lane et al., 2011). This screening instrument is particularly designed for detecting whether or not a child has the tendency to be passive or otherwise aggressive. Meanwhile, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), which is still a gauge on the child’

Research Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Research Report - Essay Example There are several ways of collating data; surveys are the primary means through which data is measured and captured. They have varied purposes, and encompass â€Å"marketing surveys, opinion surveys, and political polls†, among others. The questionnaire has been self-constructed, dealing with the following items: competitive cost, convenience of fast food, cleanliness of the facility, ambience of the store, personalized service, promotional offers, varied menu, being a strong global brand, and other reasons. These close-ended questions had fixed options given for each, and the respondent simply checked which option/s are applicable for him/her. Close-ended questions are questions that the researcher provides, and which may be accomplished by putting a check mark on a box or by encircling a response that corresponds to your choice. Oppenheim (1992) suggests these questions are straightforward and thus easier and quicker to answer; they are very useful in testing specific hypothesis. Most probably, they shall be utilized in the beginning of the investigation, since the unrestricted responses they attract create a better picture of the survey for the researcher. The main advantage of this kind of question is its ability to obtain a summated value. As Chisnall (1997) suggests that mail questionnaire is a predetermined set of questions that is sent to a predetermined sample. Its advantages over other methods include its low price, reassured anonymity, confidentiality, its large target scope and its ability to keep certain standards. Mail questionnaires are advantageous when responses have to be obtained from a sample that is geographically dispersed, or it is difficult or not possible to conduct telephone interviews to obtain the same data without much expense. Respondents can take more time to respond at convenience. However, the return rates of mail questionnaires are

Techniques for Conducting Company Analysis and Stock Valuation Assignment - 2

Techniques for Conducting Company Analysis and Stock Valuation - Assignment Example Using comparables entails the use of an organization’s earnings in the process of valuing and organizations stock as well as analysis. Earnings also referred to as the net income or net profit, are the remaining amount after a firm settles all of its outstanding bills. In stock valuation and company analysis, there are earnings per share (EPS) which entails the measurement of earnings in coming up with an apples-to-apples comparison. To find the value of earnings per share, the expert analyzing the company divides the divides the dollar amount of the reported earnings of a corporation the currently outstanding number of shares in the enterprise.  Free cash flow techniques are the most common measurement used by experts, among other investment bankers, for valuing stock as well as analyzing public and private companies. This is in contrary to the fact that the majority of individual investors lack the knowledge of cash flow. Cash flow is simply the amount of money flowing thr ough a company during the business trading period or the company’s activities, usually a quarterly or a year, after doing away with fixed expenses. At times cash flows are referred to as earnings realized before interest, taxation, decreasing and accounting of an account as well as depreciation.  Options-based techniques entail the analysis of the company as well as the valuation of its stock as an alternative approach since it takes full consideration of the risks associated with a venture. While considering these risks, they recognize the ability of firms to postpone a venture until a later time or rather engage in a partial investment.

Realist and Constructivist Approaches to Social Problems

Realist and Constructivist Approaches to Social Problems Critically analyse the way social problems are constructed and prioritised for intervention. Distinguish between the realist and construction approaches to social problems and offer an assessment of their value. Apply the relevant social theory to a contemporary social problem such as prostitution. Outlined below is a critical analysis of the way in which social problems are constructed and prioritised for intervention. This critical analysis will aim to distinguish between the realist and the construction approaches to social problems, going on to assess the value of each approach in turn. Then the social theory deemed to be the most relevant would be applied to a contemporary social problem. The realist approach to social problems is an approach that stresses that there is usually underlying causes of issues or phenomena within modern societies. The realist approach to social problems assumes that such problems have short – term and also long – term causes that are actually found ingrained into the social structures of modern societies.[1] The starting point of the realist approach to social problems stress that the underlying social causes of such problems as crime, illegal drug taking, and prostitution are generally more important over the long – term rather than the sometimes more obvious short –term causes of the phenomena being examined.[2] Advocates of the realist approach to social problems frequently contend that sociologists should always delve deeper into the specific social problems that they are evaluating. The realist approach to social problems implies that sociologists delve deeper to find out the affects of factors such as deprivation, discrimination, prejudices, and also poverty.[3] According to the realist approach to social problems these factors whether own their own, or in various combinations with each other are the real underlying causes of social problems. Therefore in many respects the realist approach to social problems has a great deal in common with the Marxist approach to social problems and all related issues. The main difference being that the Marxist approach to social problems would always contend that class and economic conflicts or developments are the root causes of every social problem.[4] The Construction approach to social problems examines the causes of all such social problems from a different perspective than the realist approach to social problems does. Whereas the realist approach to social problems contends that there are nearly always underlying factors causing these social problems, the Construction approach to social problems does not automatically that to be the case. Thus in contrast to the realist approach to social problems the Construction approach assumes that social problems are specifically constructed and that they could actually have causes that are as straightforward as they appeared to be at first glance.[5] The Construction approach to social problems argues that these problems are often constructed at the same time as the societies that they are found inside, and sometimes constructed after the society in question has already become well established. In the Construction approach to social problems it also often implied that the issues that are deemed to be social problems are classified as such due to the prevailing social and moral values within any given society. What is regarded as a social problem in one society might be regarded as being partly or entirely acceptable in another society.[6] For instance different societies have different attitudes towards issues such as homosexuality and prostitution, with more liberal minded societies perhaps not regarding them as social problems at all. Under the Construction approach to social problems various social issues and whether or not they constitute social problems depends upon the subjective values of prevailing social and moral attitudes.[7] Societies are not always entirely agreed as to which social issues can be regarded as being social problems. The Construction approach to social problems therefore finds it useful to argue that it is the strongest or prevailing social and moral attitudes that construct and prioritise social problems and labels them as such.[8] The best of the approaches to social problems to be used to construct and also to prioritise the social problem or problems being examined would be the realist approach to social problems.[9] The strength of the realist approach to social problems is that it would offer the chance to gain an understanding of the underlying causes of social problems. The realist approach to social problems such as drug taking and prostitution gives more extensive explanations than those provided by the Construction approach to social problems does. [10] The realist approach to social problems offers a deeper insight into the underlying causes of problems like prostitution. To begin with the realist approach to social problems would make the sociologists examining the issue look into all the possible underlying causes of prostitution.[11] When following the realist approach to social problems like prostitution sociologists would evaluate the parts that addiction, alienation, desperation, discrimination, sexuality, and violence played in making the problem better or worse.[12] In other words the realist approach to social problems would contend that prostitution was a social problem that demonstrates the unfair, harsh, violent, and frequently hypocritical ways social problems are formed and also understood are actually common in contemporary modern societies.[13] The realist approach to social problems would contend that prostitution has been around for thousands of years in virtually every society that has ever existed, its most obvious cause being that people will pay for sex, and that other people will exchange sexual services for cash payments. According to the realist approach to social problems prostitution has more underlying causes such as prostitutes selling their bodies to make a living, to pay for drink or drug addictions, and more sinisterly they are physically forced into doing it. Whether or not prostitutes undertake their role freely or are forced into it the realist approach to social problems would nearly always argue that they are being e xploited for the financial gains of others. The realist approach to social problems or at least its advocates would contend that prostitution will probably never go away, and the main aim of society should be to protect prostitutes from exploitation, violence, and sexually transmitted diseases.[14] Therefore to conclude the realist approach to social problems is better than the Construction approach to social problems as it allows sociologists the chance to evaluate social issues and social problems in greater detail. The realist approach to social problems offers a better understanding of the constructing and the prioritising of prostitution as a social problem. Bibliography Abercrombie N, Hill S Turner B S, (2000) The Penguin Dictionary of Sociology 4th edition, Penguin Group, London Abercrombie N, (2004) Sociology, A Short Introduction, Polity, Cambridge Cavadino M Dignan J, (2002) The Penal System An Introduction, Sage Publications Lawson T Heaton T, (1999) Crime and Deviance, MacMillan, Basingstoke 1 Footnotes [1] Abercrombie, Hill Turner B, 2000 p. 326 [2] Abercrombie, 2004 p. 25 [3] Abercrombie, Hill Turner B, 2000 p. 312 [4] Abercrombie, 2004 p. 25 [5] Lawson Heaton, 1999 p. 58 [6] Abercrombie, 2004 p. 25 [7] Lawson Heaton, 1999 p. 58 [8] Abercrombie, Hill Turner B, 2000 p. 326 [9] Lawson Heaton, 1999 p. 176 [10] Cavadino Dignan, 2002 p.53 [11] Abercrombie, 2004 p. 25 [12] Abercrombie, Hill Turner B, 2000 p. 326 [13] Cavadino Dignan, 2002 p.53 [14] Lawson Heaton, 1999 p. 58

Snowboarding Physics :: Snowboard Sport

Snowboard Composition The typical snowboard is designed to face the toughest conditions in any climate, even though it's use is mainly during the winter. In general, a snowboard is composed of several layers to attain a durable, yet light structure. Making the surfaces of a snowboard with a minimal friction coefficient is essential in the snowboard manufacturing industry. Like its various, eye-catching graphic designs, each and every snowboard has a unique layer structure. The two most basic yet important layers of a snowboard are the core (4) and the P-Tex/base layer (10). The core is usually made of birch wood; it is ideal for its lightweight, rigid, and flexible characteristics. Advances in core technology in recent years allowed the snowboard to become more maneuverable and portable. Hollow aluminum cells with walls in the shape of honeycombs are a breakthrough in snowboard core construction. With this type of core layer the snowboard retains its rigidity, but reduces its weight drastically. Another alternative to the wood core is a foam injected core. Foam can be injected electronically - to any cell size, thus allowing variability in rigidity. The P-Tex layer is named after the company that patented the material used for the layer. It is a special type of polyethylene plastic that allows the board to have a minimal friction coefficient when sliding down snow-covered ground, creating a "slippery" feeling. This plastic was designed to absorb wax for conditioning and extended life. A steel ring (7) serves two purposes: it protects the sides of the snowboard and puts maximum force into the snow for optimum maneuverability. The graphic layer (2) is a printed layer of fiberglass giving the snowboard an appealing design. There are literally millions of different snowboards with a unique graphic on them, but snowboard consumers may have a custom image printed on their snowboard. Multiple layers of fiberglass are usually glued on the immediate sides of the core for increased durability. A protective coating lines the top of the snowboard to protect scuffing and minor scratching on the graphics layer Different types of layers are arrangements in each type of core. Type A shows a foam core, with a large rubber sidewall (6). Type B represents the common wood core layer layout with additional protective layering. Type C shows that the aluminum honeycomb core is similar to the wood core structure, since nearly the same kinds of material are used. Snowboarding Physics :: Snowboard Sport Snowboard Composition The typical snowboard is designed to face the toughest conditions in any climate, even though it's use is mainly during the winter. In general, a snowboard is composed of several layers to attain a durable, yet light structure. Making the surfaces of a snowboard with a minimal friction coefficient is essential in the snowboard manufacturing industry. Like its various, eye-catching graphic designs, each and every snowboard has a unique layer structure. The two most basic yet important layers of a snowboard are the core (4) and the P-Tex/base layer (10). The core is usually made of birch wood; it is ideal for its lightweight, rigid, and flexible characteristics. Advances in core technology in recent years allowed the snowboard to become more maneuverable and portable. Hollow aluminum cells with walls in the shape of honeycombs are a breakthrough in snowboard core construction. With this type of core layer the snowboard retains its rigidity, but reduces its weight drastically. Another alternative to the wood core is a foam injected core. Foam can be injected electronically - to any cell size, thus allowing variability in rigidity. The P-Tex layer is named after the company that patented the material used for the layer. It is a special type of polyethylene plastic that allows the board to have a minimal friction coefficient when sliding down snow-covered ground, creating a "slippery" feeling. This plastic was designed to absorb wax for conditioning and extended life. A steel ring (7) serves two purposes: it protects the sides of the snowboard and puts maximum force into the snow for optimum maneuverability. The graphic layer (2) is a printed layer of fiberglass giving the snowboard an appealing design. There are literally millions of different snowboards with a unique graphic on them, but snowboard consumers may have a custom image printed on their snowboard. Multiple layers of fiberglass are usually glued on the immediate sides of the core for increased durability. A protective coating lines the top of the snowboard to protect scuffing and minor scratching on the graphics layer Different types of layers are arrangements in each type of core. Type A shows a foam core, with a large rubber sidewall (6). Type B represents the common wood core layer layout with additional protective layering. Type C shows that the aluminum honeycomb core is similar to the wood core structure, since nearly the same kinds of material are used.

Paul of Tarsus

Paul of Tarsus or Saint Paul is considered by many Christians today to be the most important disciple of Jesus, and beside this the second important found in the development of Christianity. Saint Paul had a major impact on the spread of Christianity, contributing to the underlying unity of the religious tradition by helping expand Jesus’ original teachings into a developed integrated belief system. The reason why Paul of Tarsus was one of the most significant persons in Christianity is because of his contributions of the development of Christianity, establishing it as a destructive and flourishing tradition. Some of Paul’s contributions were his missionary journeys. Paul’s mission journeys are best understood as systematic plan to take Christianity to Gentiles. His Roman citizenship helped him in considering how widespread Christianity could be. The Christian missions as the disciples understood it was a Jewish mission; the preparations for the end of time involved only the chosen people. Paul’s great innovation was the successful expansion of the Christian mission to include Gentiles; in the end, this was why Christianity survived as a religion. Paul’s Missionary Journeys worksheet). Although many of Paul’s teachings have been contributed in the formation of Christianity, his teachings have also caused many controversies for the faith. This started with his controversial championing of the Gentiles but also caused other strong divisions in early Christianity. Other elements of Paul’s teachings eventually stimulated the Reformation- the pre-emine nt schism in the history of Christianity. In addition, still others of Paul’s words cause controversy for the modern Christian Church in ‘his’ insistence on a subservient role for women and his condemnation of homosexuality. As a member of the Hellenic world, Paul recognised the relevance of the message of Christianity beyond the Jewish faith. He became an advocate for the inclusion of the Gentiles among the true followers of Christianity. Until Paul’s challenge, Jewish Christians believed that non-Jews had to convert to Judaism and follow the law, which included restrictions and circumcision. Gentiles who worship in the synagogue but did not become proselytes were called god-fearers and were only second-class citizens in the synagogue. As the Gentiles did not follow kashruth, many Christian Jews refused to eat with Christian Gentiles, believing them to be unclean and not acceptable. This had implications for church fellowship and for the ritual celebration of the Lord’s Supper. Paul challenged this belief, (Galatians 2: 11-14) most strongly at the Council of Jerusalem in 50 CE. This lead to the decision by the early Christian leaders to enable Gentiles as well as Jews to be followers of Jesus of Nazareth and to call themselves Christians. Permitting freedom from the laws of kashruth and circumcision allowed Christianity to spread more freely amongst the Gentiles and is why Paul is so significant today. (Christianity vs. Judaism worksheet). Paul’s writings on social issues were just as influential on the life and beliefs of the Christian culture, and are still considered part and parcel of the broader Christian doctrine by the more conservative Christians. Paul condemned sexual immorality; homosexuality in particular, apparently based on the strict moral laws of the Old Testament, as well as presumably his own private revelation form the Holy Spirit (1 Cor. 6:9f; Eph, 5:21-33). Some of his other dictums included device to his contemporaries not to marry in the expectation of the near return of Jesus and the Apocalypse; and the command to young men who have trespassed by sleeping with a woman to marry her, a notion that remained prominent in the European culture and the English Common Law until relatively recently. His statements are also apparently critical of women holding visible roles in church leadership. Paul may have been ambivalent towards slavery, saying that pending the near return of Jesus, people should focus on their faith and not on their social status (1 Cor. 7:21f). Due to his authority, these views have had an influence in Western society into modern times; Paul’s failure to explicitly condemn slavery in his Epistle to Philemon may have been sometimes interpreted as justifying the ownership of human beings. Paul of Tarsus helped extend Christianity and had a greater impact on the early religion than anyone else. His connections and Roman citizenship allowed him to spread the Gospel more easily. His wealth helped the poor, which provided good public relations. Paul's rejection of circumcision and founding of the Roman church allowed the religion to thrive and survive the Jewish Revolt. This significance made Christianity become a separate faith shaped by Paul’s vision of salvation through the Risen Savior, which helped with the expression and development of Christianity today. Although not of all Paul’s letter are established as being from the hand of Paul, all of them show the dominance of his theory. Each of Paul’s letters shared a common purpose- uniting the new believers behind a common theology. Paul was excited about being able to minister at last in this church, and everyone was well aware of that fact (Romans 1:8-15). The letter to the Romans was written from Corinth; however, the significance of Romans if far greater than its relevance just to that city. The Book of Romans is primarily a work of doctrine and can be divided into four sections: righteousness needed, 1:18–3:20; righteousness provided, 3:21–8:39; righteousness vindicated, 9:1–11:36; righteousness practiced, 12:1–15:13. Paul first condemns all men of their sinfulness. He expresses his desire to preach the truth of God’s Word to those in Rome. It was his hope to have assurance they were staying on the right path. He strongly points out that the gospel (Romans 1:16) is the power by which everyone is saved outlining his belief in the risen Christ. The Book of Romans speaks about God, who He is, and what He has done, of Jesus Christ, and what His death accomplished. Paul points out that God did not demand men have their lives straightened out before coming to Christ. From this letter Paul purpose in writing was to proclaim the glory of the Lord Jesus Christ by teaching doctrine and edifying and encourage the believers who would receive his letter. These principles remain at the core of Christian teaching today, partly due to the forces into which Paul presented them.

Falling Victim to the Past essays

Falling Victim to the Past essays In the novel, Wild Geese, by Martha Ostenso, the members of the Gare household struggle immensely under the oppressiveness of Caleb Gare, the father and Amelia Gare, the mother. The children of the Gare family face many obstacles, such as lack of voice, lack of control, and limited possibilities. Although Ostensos Wild Geese is an award winning piece of literature, much of the novels significance and power has been lost over time. The control Caleb and Amelia have over their children is vividly realistic but is portrayed in completely different ways; Caleb through his greed and need for control and Amelias desire to conceal her past. During the 1920s, the time which the novel was written, children had very few rights. A child was seen as property of the family. Children were to be seen but not heard and were to always be obedient. This is definitely the case in the Gare household. This lack of childrens rights is further compounded by the isolation of the Gares farming community in rural Manitoba. Policing would not have been prevalent in the immediate area, especially when it came to household affairs. Although this sort of treatment still exists in some homes, in general, our sense of what a familys responsibility is to a child and what the childs responsibility is to the family has evolved over time. Wild Geese is viewed as both scandalous and revolutionary. Written during a time when childrens rights were not yet defined, the novel challenges these views. Ostenso brilliantly portrays this evolution of the times with the character Lind Archer and her relationships with the Gares and Mark Jordan. Lind is a school teacher sent to teach in rural Manitoba. The Gare family, with whom Lind boards, is ruled and manipulated by the cruel Caleb and Amelia Gare. Caleb Gare delights in crushing the spirits of his four children and tormenting his wife. And then, stra...

Junior Boarding Middle School Options

Junior Boarding Middle School Options As parents consider options for their childrens middle school education, especially if there is a need to switch schools, a junior boarding school may not always be the first thought. However, these specialized schools can offer students things that students wont find in a typical middle school setting. Find out if a junior boarding school is right for your child by learning what two schools have to say about this unique learning and living opportunity for middle school students.   What are the benefits of a junior boarding school? When I reached out to Eaglebrook School, a junior boarding and day school for boys in grades 6-8, they shared with me that  junior boarding schools work to build strong foundational skills in students, such as organization, self-advocacy, critical thinking, and healthy living. Eaglebrook:  A junior boarding school also improves a student’s independence at a young age while exposing them to diversity and potential adversity in a safe, nurturing environment. Students have a broad range of activities and opportunities right on campus and are constantly encouraged to try new things. Junior boarding school can also help to improve relationships among families. Parents are taken out of the role as the primary disciplinarian, homework helper, and chauffeur and instead get to be the chief supporter, cheerleader, and advocate for their child. There are no more nightly fights about homework! Every student at Eaglebrook is given an advisor, who works in concert with each student and their family. The advisor is the point person for each student and his family.   How do you know if a junior boarding school is right for your child? Eaglebrook noted that one very important aspect of deciding if a junior boarding school is a good fit  is to simply visit, noting that families who believe that any of the benefits that were addressed in the previous question ring true, then its time to schedule one. I also connected with Indian Mountain School, a co-ed boarding and day school in Connecticut, told me that the willingness of the child to attend a junior boarding school is an important component of deciding if a junior boarding school is right for your child.   Indian Mountain:  There are many indicators of a good fit for junior boarding, but the first is a  willingness on the part of the child. Many  students have sleep-away camp experience, so they understand what it feels like to be away from home for significant stretches of time and are excited about the chance to learn and live in a diverse community with peers from all over the world. They welcome the chance to grow in a challenging but supportive classroom setting where​ ​class sizes are small and the curriculum has depth and breadth beyond many of their local options. Some families are also attracted to the ability to have all of the students’ activities (arts, sports, music, drama, etc) all in one place, and thus the opportunity to expand their horizons without limitations on time, transportation, and family schedules.    Are students developmentally ready for boarding school at such a young age? Indian Mountain:  Many are, but not all. In the admissions process, we work with families to determine if junior boarding school is the right fit for their child. For students that are ready, the transition is typically an easy one and they are immersed in community life within the first few weeks of school. Eaglebrook:  The structure, consistency, and support of a Junior Boarding School program meet  the developmental needs of children in middle school.  A Junior Boarding School is by definition a safe place where children are allowed to grow and learn at a pace that works for them. What is daily life at a junior boarding school like? Indian Mountain:  Every JB school is slightly different, but I assume a similarity is that we are all highly structured. The day begins when a faculty member wakes the students up in the dorm and supervises them through â€Å"check out† before heading to breakfast. Boarding students and faculty eat breakfast together before starting the academic day at roughly 8 am. The academic day ends at roughly 3:15. From there, students go to their sports practices, which generally end around 5 pm. Day students depart at 5 and then our boarding students have one hour of free time in their dormitories with a faculty member until dinner at 6 pm. Following dinner, students have study-hall. After study-hall, students typically spend time in their dormitories or go to the gym, weight room, or yoga classes. Faculty members supervise quiet time at the end of the evening and â€Å"lights out† happens between 9:00-10:00 depending on the age of the student.   Ã‚   Eaglebrook:  A day in the life at a Junior Boarding School can be fun and challenging. You get to live with 40 boys your own age, play sports, take art classes, act, and sing with students from around the world who share common interests with you. Home Nights every two weeks are nights to spend with your advisor, their family, and your fellow group members (about 8 of you) doing a fun activity and eating dinner together. On a day-to-day basis, you are faced with important choices: Should you go play pickup soccer with your friends on a Saturday afternoon or should you go to the library and finish your research? Did you ask your teacher for extra help at the end of class? If no, then you can do that at dinner and get in a math review before lights out. There might be a movie showing in the gym on Friday night or a camping trip you need to sign up for. Did you have that meeting with your advisor and your roommate to talk about the argument you two had the other day? Don’t forg et to leave your phone in the tech cart in your dorm when you go to class. There is a lot going on at Eaglebrook on any given day. And the students, with guidance, have a lot of room to make choices and figure things out.   Other than dorm experiences, what do Junior Boarding Schools offer that day schools don’t? Eaglebrook:  At a Junior Boarding School you have a â€Å"class day† that never ends and teachers who never â€Å"clock out† because everything, from a sit-down meal in the dining hall to an evening dorm meeting where you get assigned your dorm job for that week has learning value. You can rely on the community at a Junior Boarding School to look out for you while you spread your wings. Teachers see your value beyond the grade you got on your history paper or your math test. As we say in our mission, â€Å"In a warm, caring, structured atmosphere boys learn more than they ever thought possible, discover inner resources, develop self-confidence, and have fun along the way.† And there is a lot of fun to be had.  Weekends at Eaglebrook are designed to give students a break from the class day while holding them to a structure that forces them to not veg out in their rooms for 48 hours. There is time to relax, but there is also time to go skiing, go canoeing, head to the mall, go watch a college sports game at a nearby school, do some community service, and eat a delicious brunch. Built-in study halls allow you to get your school work done, too. Indian Mountain: Junior boarding  schools offer the opportunity to get to know teachers in an expanded supportive role, a vibrant community life and friendships with students and dorm-mates from all over the world, and access to multiple activities, teams and programs all in one place.   What are the challenges that students at Junior Boarding School face, and how does the school help? Indian Mountain:  There is no generalized challenge that students at JBS face. Just like all schools (boarding and day), some students are still learning how to learn effectively. To support these students, we build in time for students to work with their teachers for extra help. We also have a learning skills departments and tutors on staff who can be available for one-on-one work with students, if necessary. Some students struggle with homesickness, but generally, this only lasts for a few weeks at the beginning of the year. Just like at all schools, we also have some students who need emotional support for all kinds of reasons. Since we are a boarding school, we offer support from two full-time counselors on site. They also work with groups of students to support them in a relationship with their peers and classmates and through challenging moments for students in early adolescence.   Eaglebrook:  Students live, go to class, play sports, participate in activities, and eat meals with their peers. While this can provide a fabulous opportunity for them to form lifelong friendships, it can also be difficult. Teachers and advisors are constantly monitoring relationships and social situations to make sure that each child has a safe, healthy, and fun place to live and work. If a student is having academic difficulty, the advisor works with that student and his teachers to develop a plan to get help, do extra work, and correct the situation before it gets too dire. Students do get homesick, and advisors work with families on how best to alleviate those feelings. That plan is probably different for each individual situation, which is fine. Something we try to do at Eaglebrook is meet every student where he is. Individual attention to each boy is paramount. Where do Junior Boarding School graduates go to high school? Eaglebrook:  Most simply, they move on to their next phase of schooling. For the vast majority of our students, this means a private secondary school. Our placement office, which assists each ninth grader and his family with the application process, makes sure that the next school is the right fit for that individual. No matter where they move on to after their time on the Hill, they will have the skills and the network of people at Eaglebrook to support them. Indian Mountain:  Most of our students will matriculate to independent schools all over the United States, primarily as boarding students but we do have students that pursue the excellent local day options. A few of our students will return home to local public schools and occasionally graduates matriculate to independent day schools in New York City. We have a secondary school advisor who helps eighth and ninth grade students with the entire application process from compiling a school list to writing essays to submitting materials. We typically have approximately 40 or more boarding secondary schools on our campus every fall to meet with our students and inform them about their options.   How does JBS prepare you for high school and college? Indian Mountain:  Our schools help students develop the self-confidence to take ownership of their learning experiences. Because of the supportive relationships they have with their teachers (some of whom may be their coaches, advisors and/or dorm parents), students are adept at asking for help and speaking up for themselves. They learn the benefit of being self-advocates at an earlier age and develop leadership, critical thinking, and communication skills so they are ready to take full advantage of opportunities ahead in high school and beyond. Our students also develop independence alongside the presence of committed faculty, take intellectual risks in a nurturing environment, and learn about the importance of embracing community, all the while being kids and having fun.

Gender Based differences and management style Research Paper - 1

Gender Based differences and management style - Research Paper Example The Author has therefore explored the challenges of stereotyping gender and the levels of the stereotypes among different communities. The author has therefore considered the role that culture plays in the beliefs of stereotypes. The author of this book has therefore outlined the different issues as the stereotypes are evident. The Author has based his views on the analysis of the texts which has formed the foundation of his arguments. The author of this book has therefore discussed the three different perspectives which the author believes are the most common and compelling ones. The author has discussed the gender conscious among the different cultural communities, whether the communities recognize gender or they are gender blind and the perception (Johnsen, Maznevski & Schneider, 23). The Author asserts most communities wants to believe when the reality is created through seeing. The main idea of the book is that it outlines the gender differences in leadership. The write of this book has examined the differences in gender across cultures, and how the management principles and tactics are influenced by these diversities. This book hold the view that this diversity and differences in gender and leadership may influence a company’s initiatives, policies and other principles making them even more diverse. In this perspective, the writer of this book advocates for the differences in gender within the leadership of a company especially the top management teams. The author of this book actually asserts that the differences in gender plays an important role in diversifying the company’s planning and hence the company would be capable of including both the long term goals as well as the short term goals which are very important. It is also important to note that the company would escape overlooking certain areas that might be important for the company in

Data Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Data Managment - Essay Example If the data held by an organization is to be of any use to the organization, it has not only to be stored but has to be readily available for use by staff within the organization, in a manageable format and in a timely manner (Holloway 1989). Many organizations have found their data to be rich but information as poor (Davis 2001). The reason for this is that a large amount of data is available but it cannot be accessed properly and easily and it is not filtered in ways, which can make the data useful (Zeleny 2000). The effective management of data should be a concern for every organization. The ease with which, data can be captured to computer storage and the relative cheapness of that storage means that the amount of data, which organizations can store is very large indeed (Frees 1996). However, not only must the data be stored but it must be accessed quickly and flexibly, by managers who increasing see new and innovative ways to use the computerized storage of data to enhance their analytical capabilities and decision-making potential (Schauer 2004). Data management software programs are used by the organizations to manage the data of the organizations. These software programs are active and supportive and help the organization in data integration, data integrity, data independence, data retrieval and data security (Martin 1982). Data management deals with the gathering and retention of process metrics (Zeleny 2000). This requires standardized data definitions, data management facilities and a staff to ensure that data is promptly obtained, properly checked, accurately entered in the database and effectively managed (Frees 1996). Therefore, it is quite clear that data management is very significant concern for the organizations all over the world. Without data management, the organizations cannot manage their business activities. For data management, the organizations make use of different software programs

Business environment Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business environment Report - Essay Example The changing business strategies to cope with the fast transforming socio-economical paradigms of the times have become crucial factors that enable the businesses to compete against their rivals. The external factors are often the major proponents that necessitate organizational changes. The world economy is presently undergoing tremendous turmoil. In the recent past, the American economy has been under tremendous strain with its deteriorating job market and dismal performance of its various public private companies. Its offshore business has also suffered as a result of bad economic policies of the current republican government, headed by George Bush. The bankruptcy of few of its major financial institutions has resulted in the financial meltdown that has created a serious crisis situation in the American economy that has cascaded down to the rest of the world. The recessive trend in the American economy has forced the businesses to meet the challenges with creative business strategies and embrace the changing business compulsions with vigour and vitality. In a news report in the ‘Guardian’ on 3 December 2008, it was reported that UK’s top retailer, Tesco was really struggling against ‘Morrisons’ to maintain its position. While Tesco had registered its worst sales in 14 years during the Christmas, Morrisons had surged ahead towards the position of top retailer! The article was succinct in describing the cause and effects of the current recessive trend in the retail industry and the various ways through which they were trying to meet the challenges and attract customers to increase their sales. In yet another news item in the same issue, Christ Hirst had highlighted the ‘Christmas supermarket advertisements’. Hirst has revealed that the advertisements play a significant role in the boosting the sales figure and Morrisons’ ‘The campaign is about freshness and provenance,

Culture Intervention in the School Essay Example for Free

Culture Intervention in the School Essay In (PLEASE PUT THE NAME OF YOUR SCHOOL HERE), students coming from different races and ethnicities are accepted. Thus, this creates a student body which is culturally diverse and different in terms of the beliefs, values, languages, and other aspects related to culture. People coming from different cultures are not expected to have a harmonious relationship right away especially with regard to their young age. However, there may be some forms of intervention that can reduce the friction, tension, and conflict due to cultural differences. Before delving into the details of intervention for culture, it is necessary to define culture to be able to target the right elements. Culture is defined â€Å"in anthropology, the patterns of behavior and thinking that people living in social groups learn, create, and share† (Bodley, 2005). This is comprised of the â€Å"beliefs, rules of behavior, language, rituals, art, technology, style of dress, ways of producing and cooking food, religion, and political and economic systems† (Bodley, 2005). Thus, the term culture encompasses a wide range of factors that paves the way for more differences among the students. There are several intervention measures that can be put into application in the school. First, it is important that there is an atmosphere in existent in the school that clearly sets a zero tolerance for bullying and by-standing within the premises of the school. Bullying and by-standing are common consequences of variations in culture. More often than not, the students belonging to the majority culture teases the students who are members of the cultural minority groups. This could lead to bullying and constant fear and inferiority for those who become the victims of the bullies and by-standers. With the foregoing statement, the school administration, in cooperation with the parents, should be able to make a concerted effort to make and agree on policies that will lead to harmonious relationships between the culturally-varied students. Corresponding sanctions should be placed upon the violations and their degrees should be identified. Moreover, rewards for those students who help in creating a stable environment and who makes a way to accept cultural differences in the school should be given a rewards in terms of academic and recognition factors. This is a long and tedious process and there are a lot of factors and minute details to be considered in making the policies. Also, through the cooperation of the parents, there will be reinforcement measures even when the children go back to their homes. It will not simply be a school responsibility for them but hopefully, will become a way of life and a part of their values. Second, there is a need for adult mentors to become visible to the students. However, they should not see these adult mentors as someone who would always pinpoint their mistakes and become an authoritative figure that will constrict their movements. Rather, these adult mentors should be perceived as persons who will be a help within their reach for any problem they have. Adult mentors will be based on a schedule formulated for each break period to patrol on places where the children mostly are and in places that become a favorable place for bullying. The procedures for this should be discusses together with the first culture intervention. Lastly, the students should also be involved in the efforts to have an environment which accepts cultural differences. This can be done by having one class period devoted to an open discussion regarding the different cultures of students and to highlight the exciting and new information about each culture. This way, the students will become aware that it is not only their culture that is in existent but there are a lot of colorful things to look forward to in the treasure box of another student’s culture. Also, the homeroom adviser or teacher could serve as a facilitator for discussion that will dwell on the different problems of culture they have in the school right now. The children are expected to understand this with a proper explanation from the facilitator. The facilitators of the group discussions will have to undergo training for this subject. References Bodley, J. H. 2005. Culture. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2006 [CD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation.

A Report On Technological Development Sport Essay

A Report On Technological Development Sport Essay Technological development is becoming more and more essential in spot competition. Technological development refers to the development of techniques or appliance which can improve the quality and magnificence of the sport competitions. However, there could be some difference between different countries; it may depend on the level of the countries development. There are three main aspects revealing that technological development has revolutionized sport competitions. Firstly, the development of telecommunications promotes the globalization of sport competition. Secondly, the use of electronic appliance helps to reduce controversy and ensure the fairness of the results in the competition, such as auto-timing system. Moreover, the improvement sport equipments and analyzing system has become necessary for enhancing the performance of athletes. Firstly, one of the most dramatic revolutions in sport completion is caused by the developments in new technologies of mass communication, especially the development of Internet and satellite television, which are allowing the sport competitions to be publicized around the world much more quickly. As an example, mega-events such as the Olympic Games can be regarded as a media-events (D. Rowe, 2004, 166). According to Roche, the 1936 Berlin Olympics was the first Olympic Games to be radio broadcast to the world; and it was also the first major sport event to be televised, although it was only available in the city of Berlin at that time due to the limited local cable system. Nowadays, the universality of the Internet and television are most effective to the globalization of the sports competition, however, turning the sport competition into global event. Referring to the television, Horne and Manzenreiter indicate that the estimation of 3.9 billion television audiences had watched par ts of the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, and 40 billion which are cumulative television audiences, contributing to a increase of 27% over the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. Moreover, Horne and Manzenreiter also indicate the 2002 FIFA World Cup staged in Japan and South Korea, 41000 hours of programming were provided in 213 countries and about 28.8 television audiences of this event, even more than that in Olympic Games. From this situation, there is no doubt that the development of telecommunication provides a much larger stage for the sport competitions, and makes the sport competition become a global history. Secondly, in the sport competitions, the quality of the athletes is the most important factor in determining their performance. Analysing the movements of athletes could be the effective method to increase the possibilities of championship in the sport competitions; for instance, analyzing the movement or posture of an ice-skate athlete could help the athlete to maximize the speed and overcome the shortcomings. However, the details of the movements cannot be easily seen because the unassisted eye functions at the speed of 1/340th of a second exposure time; fortunately, the use of film, cine and video and many other electronic analyzing devices provide the chance to analyze the movements of athletes in a much more detailed version. For instance, as Everett and Trew, who are from the Department of Physiotherapy, have found that the computerized kinetic analysis system can collect reliable three-dimensional data which uses high-resolution cameras to video athletes movements. These data are very useful to enhance athletes performance and also the recovering, as they can show whether the speed is at maximum or not, uncoordinated or smooth. In this case, it could be said that sport competitions are not only about the competition between athletes and also the level of technology between countries. Finally, the auto-timing system is contributing substantially to the revolution of sport competitions. The hand-held stopwatch has been eliminated from the formal or major sport competitions, as it has the absolute limitation on accuracy, because the result will depend on the judges reaction. The article from Australian Academy of science states that the computerize timing systems nowadays can provide the accuracy to less than 0.001 of a second, which is 10 times the requirement of accuracy under the rules, compares to the first electronic quartz timing system in 1964 which can provide the accuracy of 0.01 of a second. Furthermore, when the vertical line-scanning video system was introduced in 1991, human judgment and error were totally removed in the competitions; the video image of each athlete will be shown when they cross the finished line, at the same time, the timing system will record each athletes result.

Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, and Chronicle of A Deat

Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, and Chronicle of A Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez Works Cited Not Included Religion is supremacy, perfection and spirituality. A typical Latin American religious community heavily relies on religion to provide a moral framework to guide and protect its citizens. However, projecting religion in the light of perfection is superficial. In actuality, it often contains flaws underneath its idealistic teachings. The inadequacy in maintaining the idealistic doctrines is deeply rooted in society. Such notion is reflected and commented upon in the novels Dom Casmurro by Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis and Chronicle of A Death Foretold by Gabriel Garci ­a Marquez. In both novels, the authors effectively criticize religion through their satiric portrayal of religious authorities and other characters' attitudes towards religion. The two novels reveal the practical result of religion in a critical light. The ideal doctrine of religion adjusts itself to the imperfect world in ways that some times do not command respect. The actual practice of the doctrine allows flexibility, which is often abused. In Dom Casmurro, Bento and Jose Dias imagine that a journey to see the Pope will undo Dona Gloria's promise to God. Eventually they settle the matter much more conveniently by resorting to the local church. As shown in Escobar's speech, the characters are constantly manipulating with the power of the religious authorities: "Consult the protonotary about it and if he hesitates, we'll speak to the bishop" (171). This implies that the people often seek and take advantages of the plot holes in religion. The concept of religion as an obligation becomes obvious through... ...o to mirror the Church's failure to uphold high moral standards and use their authority effectively and seriously. Through the subtle and detailed portrayals of the characters in the novels Chronicle of A Death Foretold and Dom Casmurro shed a criticizing light on the hypocritical Church present in the community. Bento's repulsion to be religiously devoted bluntly reveals the blemishes in the practical result of religion hidden underneath seemingly deep devotion. The tragedy of Santiago Nasar explores the other defects of religion, one that is present in the Church itself, and how failure to uphold moral standards in Church upsets the community. Of course the authors do not write solely to condemn religion, they also bring forth the concept that people must adjust their attitudes toward religion and then irrational, old values set by the past Church.

Older Adults In Montreal Needs Health And Social Care Essay

1 IntroductionFor many older grownups in Montreal, the ability to make finishs and chances around their community has profound effects on all facets of their lives and daily activities. In order to stay affiliated within the community, mobility and handiness by agencies of public transit is of primary importance for older grownups ( McPherson & A ; Wister, 2008 ) . It moreover ensures that those who can non drive and/or without entree to a private auto are non excluded from the chances of urban life. As one of the cosmopolite metropoliss in Canada and with a important figure of senior occupants, Montreal should guarantee that public transit systems must non merely expeditiously enable riders to travel from one finish to another but besides make it inclusive and easy to utilize peculiarly for those who face trouble in accessing it such as the older grownups. What do we cognize about public transit demands of seniors in Montreal? What has been undertaken to turn to their demands? In or der to understand these inquiries, this paper aims to discourse the followers: ( 1 ) the importance of public transit and its consequent challenges to older grownups ; ( 2 ) current patterns in public theodolite services in Montreal ; ( 3 ) pattern rules and strength-based attack to pass through proviso ; and, ( 4 ) option attacks to pass through proviso for older grownups in the metropolis.2 Importance of public theodolite and challenges to older grownups in MontrealMontreal, in comparing to the remainder of Quebec, has a greater per centum of older grownups in its population. The 2001 nose count informations shows that Montreal has 442,684 older grownups stand foring 13 per centum of the population and lending 46 per centum for Quebec ( Hodge, 2008 ) . This figure will go on to turn in the coming old ages as it is expected that one in every four Canadian will be 65 or over. About 101,190 seniors in Montreal have at least one signifier of disablement which includes trouble visual p erception, hearing, communication, and walking, among others. Aside from sing physical damages, 28 per centum of them live under poorness and 18 per centum do non hold entree to a private auto ( Landreville & A ; Bickerstaff-Charron, 2010 ; TCAIM, 2009 ) . As seniors tend to hold troubles runing a private auto, utilizing public transit so becomes indispensable for guaranting their ability to make their coveted finishs. A Importance of public transit The usage of public transit is a cardinal to community engagement, productiveness, and independency for older grownups, particularly those who can no longer drive or unable to drive. Public theodolite services, which include coachs and trains, are often their lone options for going independently to work, wellness attention installations, shopping Centres, and a host of other finishs outside their places ( Marston, Golledge, & A ; Costanzo, 1997 ; McPherson & A ; Wister, 2008 ; TCAIM, 2009 ) . Transportation system must be present in a assortment of signifiers to run into the demands of older grownups. Aside from supplying coachs, trains and other specialised theodolite services, proper pavements with equal signage and without barriers to walking are besides indispensable for seniors. Once transit services are available, seniors must besides be able to entree it easy and safely. Public transit besides helps to get the better of distance in state of affairss where seniors reside far fr om urban centres or where communities have few available installations and services. For older grownups, the ability to utilize transit is both a agency and an terminal: a agency to entree services and installations while fulfilling their desire non to be isolated ( Hodge, 2008 ) . Challenges in utilizing public transit and attendant impacts to older grownups Seniors frequently face challenges in utilizing public theodolite which is brought approximately by their physical damages and the manner the environment is constructed. It is noted that older grownups constitute a important proportion of people with some type of damage or disablement in relation to transit demands ( TRB, 2004 ) . These damages frequently have serious deductions in footings of mobility and entree to chances in the metropolis. An issue linked in urban countries concerns heightening handiness to transit usage among older grownups without compromising safety given that physical jobs tend to increase as one ages ( Titheridge, Achuthan, Mackett, & A ; Solomon, 2009 ) . Older adult females further suffer dual favoritism in utilizing public transit both on the evidences of gender and damage ( Venter, et Al. 2002 ) . The fact that public conveyance exists is of class merely one portion of the image. Existing roadways, prosaic installations at Michigans and Stationss, and mass-transit vehicles were by and large non designed with the aged in head. Rather, they are based on a ‘normal ‘ individual-one presuming that the user is an able-bodied and to the full literate single. Public transit usage requires physical and cognitive abilities that may except some seniors such as the walking distance needed to the coach halt or Metro station are long and/or involve steep inclines. Reliability of theodolite agendas, long waiting times, the demand to mount high stepss in and out of the coach, and, transit driver ‘s competency in suiting senior riders are among the challenges that older grownups encounter in utilizing public transit. There is a demand to affect upon transit applied scientists and contrivers, policy shapers, urban contrivers and theodolite suppliers the importance of the †˜one-size-does-not-fit-all ‘ premiss refering the proviso of transit services and substructure. In peculiar, these decision-makers have a duty to develop a better apprehension of the features of older people on the footing of which betterments can be made. Guaranting that older grownups are able to be nomadic with comparative easiness in metropoliss will be one of the cardinal challenges for contrivers as the urban population grows older. Declining mobility among seniors can be explained by many factors including physical ( Dis ) abilities, fiscal resources, and personal picks, but the design of their vicinities and the distances between finishs can besides act upon their travel picks and behaviors. Decades of transit and land usage planning that favoured the car over other mobility manners like walking or public transit is a major factor that can put limitations on the mobility of seniors who do non drive, or seldom do so ( Cao, Mokhtarian, & A ; Handy, 2007 ; Hodge, 2008 ) . Furthermore, the inability to entree to public transit would take to lower chances of traveling outside the place. For those who used to drive, releasing their driver ‘s licence have a higher hazard of depression peculiarly older work forces ( McPherson & A ; Wister, 2008 ) . These issues necessarily lead to their exclusion from making desired finishs and activities and to socially link with other people outside their places which in bend could lend to degradation in their quality of life.3 Transportation system options to suit older grownupsEven though the car is the vehicle of pick for making assorted finishs, communities across Canada are working hard to run into the transit demands of seniors who no longer thrust or have limited their drive to the daylight, the vicinity, or a individual finish. Given the pressing demand for more antiphonal and sustainable transit services, local and national transit bureaus have developed a figure of alternate manners to run into the travel demands of older grownups. The undermentioned summarizes the mix of transit options that would provide their demands ( insert beginnings ) : Car: individual rider, shared drive Public transit: low-floor coachs, community birds, trains/subways Demand-responsive para-transit services Private theodolite: taxis, limousines, chauffer services Specialized theodolite: hospital-based theodolite plans, interfaith and church-based plans, volunteer transit plans Other options: low-speed vehicles, walking4 Current province of theodolite proviso for older grownups in MontrealThe Societe de Transport de Montreal ( STM ) which is the chief theodolite bureau of the island has geared itself in bettering the whole public transit system to run into the demands of the population. STM has adopted a corporate policy on cosmopolitan handiness in order to cut down the figure of barriers forestalling people with functional damages from utilizing its public theodolite web ( STM, 2009b ) . The Master Plan of the City of Montreal purposes to heighten the perceptual experience and image of public transit in order to promote its usage ( Ville.de.Montreal, 2002 ) . Public infinites around tube, commuter train and intermodal Stationss, peculiarly the waiting countries, warrant particular attending to ease entree and make a safe and pleasant environment that meets the demands of every type of user. Action 14 of the Master Plan farther emphasized design rules in t he locality of public transit entree points peculiarly in footings of easing connexions between coachs and tube. Implementing cosmopolitan handiness policies is one manner of advancing societal inclusion in the usage of public transit and entree to edifices. The Transportation Plan of Montreal besides mentioned cosmopolitan entree as a system-wide construct which is apparent through the deployment of articulated or low-floor coachs and supplying on-demand para-transit services ( Transport Adapte ) for frail seniors and other riders with functional damages. In 2008, STM launched a specialised coach service in August 2008 called Navette Or ( Golden Shuttle ) . This shuttle service now operates in 10 different vicinities in Montreal and makes Michigans at locations nigh high concentrations of older people ( including seniors abodes ) every bit good as at locations deemed to be of involvement to them ( STM, 2011 ) . This service is a positive measure that should greatly profit older people. Likewise, STM has late retrofitted five Metro Stationss along the orange line that are now accessible for wheelchair users ( STM, 2009a ) . Bonaventure station on the green line, meanwhile, is partly accessible ( i.e. from train platform to terminus ) . Supplying accessible Stationss from this theodolite line linking to the belowground metropolis is still under reappraisal and consideration. Despite these developments, much of the attempts are directed towards helping those who lack personal mobility and are wheelchair-bound. Covering with this most desperate and seeable group represents merely one section of the population with functional damages. Small attending has been paid to the demands of other mobility-impaired groups, including those who are blind or visually impaired and persons with other physical damages such as those with larning troubles still encounter restraints in utilizing the public transit ( Marston, et al. , 1997 ) . An emerging concern in transit services in Montreal are the migratory seniors in ethno-cultural communities who face troubles in talking either English or Gallic. The Alliance diethylstilbestrols Communautes Culturelles pour l'Egalite dans la Sante et lupus erythematosuss Services Sociaux ( ACCESS ) reported that 88.3 per centum of the migratory seniors reside in the greater Montreal country ( Delgado, 2011 ) . The ability to pass on with coach or para-transit drivers or even name STM ‘s client service could be a important challenge for them in order to utilize public transit services.4 Interventions and strength-based attack to pass through provisoPractice rules Seniors should be included in all facets of transit proviso, from the conceptualisation, design, execution, monitoring and rating. Advocacy Authorization to better mobility and handiness Guaranting walkability of streets Guaranting safety of theodolite What do users state about their impacts? Expression at remarks in Transport subdivision at Montreal Gazette online Benefits and challenges of theodolite issues identified The planning of land utilizations and transit can greatly act upon handiness. By puting parametric quantities for the physical design of urban scenes, these countries of activity define what is possible and what is non within the physical environment. Integrating cosmopolitan handiness ( or cosmopolitan design ) has accordingly become an of import consideration in edifice, urban design and planning in general ( Audirac, 2008 ; Bromley, Matthews, & A ; Thomas, 2007 ; Iwarsson & A ; Stahl, 2003 ) . Universal design aims to simplify life for persons of all ages, sizes, and abilities by doing the bing and future built environment and merchandises useable by more people. Guaranting accessible installations are installed aids in run intoing the demands of the older grownups every bit good as persons with reduced mobility by leting a larger proportion of the population to go independently than would otherwise be the instance ( Malo & A ; Berube , 1992 ) . There are many ways in which better ments in the design of public conveyance with attending to the older grownups can in bend benefit the general population. This might include improved clearer word pictures of the border between roadways and prosaic infinite, well-built and decently maintained pathwaies without any broken or uneven surfaces, good marks with universally-intelligible icons and – if text is necessary – clear, big, brooding inscription in an easy-to-read fount, and of class, safe and user-friendly public conveyance.5 Proposed attacks to better transit services for older grownupsInformation and counsel must be sought from human services bureaus and theodolite plans that provide transit to shopping and banking countries, clinics, senior Centres and retirement communities to guarantee that the appropriate conveyance options are provided for seniors. One may ask about any voluntary driver plans in the country every bit good so that one can happen committed voluntaries who are willing to portion their vehicles in traveling to and from different finishs. Additionally, auto pooling and bird services are other options for the seniors to avail of free drives to medical Centres and such. The authorities must besides guarantee that cab services would be given at decreased rates for senior citizens. There are besides medical and nonmedical place attention services that frequently offer transit and aid services to older members of society. By offering better transit options for senior citizens, they would be able to bask greater mobility and freedom. Proposed attacks Judaic Edward Estlin Cummingss centre theodolite plan Car-pooling and car-sharing plans Pooling riders traveling in the same way Appellation of prioritized seating for seniors Evaluation Guaranting airing by STM on feedback from different theodolite users6 DecisionThe ageing population is swelling quickly in both absolute and relative footings in Montreal and Canada, in general, and is expected to make so in the long tally. This clearly poses of import challenges for the authorities and society as a whole. On the positive side, the economic growing and up criterions of life that have well improved length of service rates of the people in general. Yet older people face physical, economic, and psychological barriers to go ; for some aged this includes damages in motor, sensory, and cognitive abilities. To get the better of these barriers and to let older people to play a full portion in society, we have to basically rethink attacks to transit in the two states. As a whole, puting an docket by developing enabling environments for older people is both an economic and a societal jussive mood. Safety and handiness are two of import considerations in planing and bettering t ransit for the aged. Our social duty of run intoing older people ‘s demands in a safe, accessible, and sustainable manner entails integrating cosmopolitan handiness ( or design ) principles in the whole transit environment.